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Bermuda vs Guernsey for aircraft

Everything we track for both registers, side by side. Rows neither register has published show a gap rather than an estimate.

Build your own comparisonRegisters for aircraft

Is Bermuda or Guernsey cheaper for aircraft registration?Link to this section

The registration fee is the certificate charge the Bermuda Aircraft Registry sets under its Air Navigation (Fees for Certificates and Services) Regulations and the Guernsey Aircraft Registry lists in its published fee schedule. Neither charges an annual registration fee; both bill the Certificate of Airworthiness renewal, priced by mass. WhichFlagToFly dates the Bermuda and Guernsey fee rows.

Register, Registration fees, Annual registration fee
RegisterRegistration feesAnnual registration fee
BermudaRegistration or deregistration is a flat $500; commercial airworthiness fees run $1,000 to $101,500 by mass.Air Navigation (Fees for Certificates and Services) Regulations 2022, BR 36 / 2022 (Bermuda), made by the Governor under article 4(3) of the Air Navigation (Overseas Territories) Order 2013 as applied to Bermuda, operative date 1 May 2022, the BCAA's published PDFwww.bcaa.bm · Schedule, Part 4(a)Retrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2022-05-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.No annual registration fee; a private aircraft pays $100 per 500 kg for its 12-month airworthiness certificate, and a grounded aircraft pays an estimated $2,000 to $3,000 a year.Air Navigation (Fees for Certificates and Services) Regulations 2022, BR 36 / 2022 (Bermuda), made by the Governor under article 4(3) of the Air Navigation (Overseas Territories) Order 2013 as applied to Bermuda, operative date 1 May 2022, the BCAA's published PDFwww.bcaa.bm · Schedule, Part 2(b)Retrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2022-05-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
GuernseyRegistering an aircraft costs £300, de-registration £250 and a change of ownership £200, but 2-REG says its fees are flexible to each case.2-REG (Guernsey Aircraft Registry), Fee schedule v10.1, 13 August 2024www.2-reg.com · Fee schedule v10.1, items 1.1-1.3Retrieved 2026-08-12Effective 2024-08-13Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.There is no annual registration fee; the recurring charge is the Certificate of Airworthiness renewal at £200 or £65 per 500 kg.2-REG (Guernsey Aircraft Registry), Fee schedule v10.1, 13 August 2024www.2-reg.com · Fee schedule v10.1, section 4 'Continuing Airworthiness', items 4.2.1 and 4.2.3Retrieved 2026-09-12Effective 2024-08-13Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.

Is Bermuda or Guernsey an EASA register?Link to this section

An EASA register is one where EU aviation safety law applies directly; neither is. The Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority regulates under the Air Navigation (Overseas Territories) Order and publishes the Article 83bis counterparties it holds. The Guernsey Aircraft Registry applies its own Guernsey Aviation Requirements and asks for a certified copy of any Article 83bis agreement on board. See the EASA rows.

Register, EASA status, Article 83bis agreements
RegisterEASA statusArticle 83bis agreements
BermudaBermuda is not an EASA member; since its 2021 Brexit notice it accepts UK CAA certification alongside FAA, EASA, Transport Canada and Brazil's ANAC.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Aircraft Type Acceptance Certificate (with the BCAA's published list of Type Acceptance Certificates granted)www.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Article 83 bis agreements are live with Azerbaijan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan; the Russian agreement is suspended.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Commercial Operations Article 83 biswww.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-08-27Effective 2018-07-16Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
GuernseyGuernsey runs its own ICAO-based rules; type certificates can be chosen from EASA, FAA, UK CAA, TCCA or ANAC.2-REG (Guernsey Aircraft Registry), Follow TC conceptwww.2-reg.comRetrieved 2026-08-12Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Aircraft under an Article 83 bis agreement must carry a certified true copy of the agreement summary.Guernsey Aviation Requirements Parts 91, 121 & 135, 'General Operating Instructions & Commercial Air Transport Operations', Guernsey ODCA issue 14cidca.aero · GAR 91.47Retrieved 2026-08-12Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.

How does import VAT differ between Bermuda and Guernsey for an aircraft?Link to this section

Import VAT is the tax a customs territory charges on an imported aircraft, and neither levies one. Bermuda has no VAT, sales tax or goods and services tax, and its Customs Tariff Act charges import duty ad valorem instead. Guernsey charges no VAT of its own; the States of Guernsey place the Bailiwick outside both the UK and EU VAT areas. See the import VAT rows.

Register, Import VAT and customs
RegisterImport VAT and customs
BermudaBermuda has no VAT or sales tax; an imported aircraft carries 25% customs duty, with temporary importation relief at 0%.Government of Bermuda, First Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act 1970 (Bermuda Nomenclature and Import Duties), 2026 edition dated 31 March 2026, Chapter 88 'Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof' at page 409www.gov.bm · First Schedule, heading 88.02Retrieved 2026-08-27Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
GuernseyGuernsey charges no VAT of its own and sits outside the UK and EU VAT areas; 2-REG puts permanent EU importation at generally 15 to 25 percent of the aircraft's value.States of Guernsey, Guernsey Customs and Immigration Service, 'Claiming back VAT'www.gov.ggRetrieved 2026-09-06Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.

Which register is faster, Bermuda or Guernsey?Link to this section

Time to registration is the interval between a complete file and the Certificate of Registration. The Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority publishes a service standard in business days from receipt of documentation. The Guernsey Aircraft Registry gives a business-day range once the previous registry's deregistration is confirmed. Compare the timeline rows.

Register, Time to registration, Private and AOC operations
RegisterTime to registrationPrivate and AOC operations
BermudaThe Certificate of Registration issues in 3 business days once all required documentation is received.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Our Service Standards (regulatory service response standard)www.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-08-27Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Private flying needs a non-commercial approval; a Bermuda AOC needs a place of business in Bermuda and about three operators hold one, with no published streamlined route.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Private Aircraft Operations (NCC)www.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
GuernseyRegistration typically takes one to two business days once all documents and the previous registry's de-registration confirmation are in.Guernsey Aircraft Registry (2-REG) Guide to Transitional Registrations, 5 April 2022, published by Walkers; the quoted answers are given by Sidhant Sharma, Deputy Director of the Registrywww.walkersglobal.comRetrieved 2026-08-29Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Private complex operations need a Private Operator Certificate, valid three years; commercial air transport needs an AOC.2-REG (Guernsey Aircraft Registry), Private Operator Certificatewww.2-reg.comRetrieved 2026-08-12Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.

How should an owner choose between Bermuda and Guernsey?Link to this section

Bermuda or Guernsey turns on what the aircraft is for: whether commercial air transport is in the plan, which operator's certificate it would fly under, and where it will be imported, based and financed. Those facts belong to the owner, and a specialist can weigh both registries once they are settled.

At a glance

The dimensions owners decide on, taken from the rows below. Follow a label to the row it came from and its source.

Bermuda and Guernsey at a glance
DimensionBermudaGuernsey
Red Ensign GroupYesYes
Registration mark prefixVP-B/VQ-B2-

Line by line

Bermuda vs Guernsey for aircraft
ItemBMBermudaBermuda Aircraft RegistryGGGuernseyGuernsey Aircraft Registry
Registration
EASA statusBermuda is not an EASA member; since its 2021 Brexit notice it accepts UK CAA certification alongside FAA, EASA, Transport Canada and Brazil's ANAC.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Aircraft Type Acceptance Certificate (with the BCAA's published list of Type Acceptance Certificates granted)www.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Guernsey runs its own ICAO-based rules; type certificates can be chosen from EASA, FAA, UK CAA, TCCA or ANAC.2-REG (Guernsey Aircraft Registry), Follow TC conceptwww.2-reg.comRetrieved 2026-08-12Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Article 83bis agreementsArticle 83 bis agreements are live with Azerbaijan, Tajikistan and Kazakhstan; the Russian agreement is suspended.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Commercial Operations Article 83 biswww.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-08-27Effective 2018-07-16Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Aircraft under an Article 83 bis agreement must carry a certified true copy of the agreement summary.Guernsey Aviation Requirements Parts 91, 121 & 135, 'General Operating Instructions & Commercial Air Transport Operations', Guernsey ODCA issue 14cidca.aero · GAR 91.47Retrieved 2026-08-12Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Private and AOC operationsPrivate flying needs a non-commercial approval; a Bermuda AOC needs a place of business in Bermuda and about three operators hold one, with no published streamlined route.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Private Aircraft Operations (NCC)www.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Private complex operations need a Private Operator Certificate, valid three years; commercial air transport needs an AOC.2-REG (Guernsey Aircraft Registry), Private Operator Certificatewww.2-reg.comRetrieved 2026-08-12Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
CAMO requirementsAircraft above 2,700 kg MTOM need continuing airworthiness management under OTAR Part 39, held by the owner or a contracted CAMO.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Continued Airworthiness Management Organisation Approvalswww.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-08-27Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Aircraft of 2,700 kg MTOM or above need a Technical Co-ordinator or a validated CAMO.2-REG (Guernsey Aircraft Registry), Continuing airworthinesswww.2-reg.comRetrieved 2026-08-12Effective 2024-08-13Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Import VAT and customsBermuda has no VAT or sales tax; an imported aircraft carries 25% customs duty, with temporary importation relief at 0%.Government of Bermuda, First Schedule to the Customs Tariff Act 1970 (Bermuda Nomenclature and Import Duties), 2026 edition dated 31 March 2026, Chapter 88 'Aircraft, spacecraft, and parts thereof' at page 409www.gov.bm · First Schedule, heading 88.02Retrieved 2026-08-27Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Guernsey charges no VAT of its own and sits outside the UK and EU VAT areas; 2-REG puts permanent EU importation at generally 15 to 25 percent of the aircraft's value.States of Guernsey, Guernsey Customs and Immigration Service, 'Claiming back VAT'www.gov.ggRetrieved 2026-09-06Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Cape Town Convention and IDERAThe Cape Town Convention has been Bermuda law since 1 January 2018; a recorded IDERA controls deregistration and costs $300.Bermuda International Interests in Mobile Equipment (Cape Town Convention) Act 2016 (2016 : 38), consolidated text including Schedule 3 (the declarations lodged by the United Kingdom in respect of Bermuda), Bermuda Laws Online, Government of Bermudawww.bermudalaws.bm · s. 3Retrieved 2026-08-27Effective 2018-01-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.The Cape Town Convention has applied to Guernsey since 1 November 2015, with Alternative A and a 60 day waiting period; registering an IDERA costs £140.UNIDROIT, Cape Town Convention states parties, declarations deposited by the United Kingdom, including the Article 52 extension to the Island of Guernseywww.unidroit.org · Declarations of the United Kingdom, Article 52Retrieved 2026-09-06Effective 2015-11-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
MTOW and aircraft age limitsBermuda publishes no weight limit and no age limit; eligibility turns on who owns the aircraft and on the aircraft type being accepted.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Eligibility (Bermuda Aircraft Registry)www.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-08-27Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Aircraft must be type certificated and 5,700 kg maximum take-off mass or above; Channel Islands residents may register any type-certificated aircraft, non-residents a lighter turbine aircraft only on conditions, and amateur-built and vintage aircraft are refused.Office of the Aircraft Registrar, Bailiwick of Guernsey, Guernsey Advisory Circular GAC REG-1, 'Aircraft Registration: Eligibility and Admission Criteria', Fourth Issue, April 2026cidca.aero · GAC REG-1, para 6.2Retrieved 2026-08-12Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Registration feesRegistration or deregistration is a flat $500; commercial airworthiness fees run $1,000 to $101,500 by mass.Air Navigation (Fees for Certificates and Services) Regulations 2022, BR 36 / 2022 (Bermuda), made by the Governor under article 4(3) of the Air Navigation (Overseas Territories) Order 2013 as applied to Bermuda, operative date 1 May 2022, the BCAA's published PDFwww.bcaa.bm · Schedule, Part 4(a)Retrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2022-05-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Registering an aircraft costs £300, de-registration £250 and a change of ownership £200, but 2-REG says its fees are flexible to each case.2-REG (Guernsey Aircraft Registry), Fee schedule v10.1, 13 August 2024www.2-reg.com · Fee schedule v10.1, items 1.1-1.3Retrieved 2026-08-12Effective 2024-08-13Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Time to registrationThe Certificate of Registration issues in 3 business days once all required documentation is received.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Our Service Standards (regulatory service response standard)www.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-08-27Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Registration typically takes one to two business days once all documents and the previous registry's de-registration confirmation are in.Guernsey Aircraft Registry (2-REG) Guide to Transitional Registrations, 5 April 2022, published by Walkers; the quoted answers are given by Sidhant Sharma, Deputy Director of the Registrywww.walkersglobal.comRetrieved 2026-08-29Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Mortgages and chargesBermuda keeps statutory aircraft and engine mortgage registers that rank by time of entry; registering costs $800, or $1,600 above $20 million.Mortgaging of Aircraft (Procedures) Regulations 1999, BR 41 / 1999 (Bermuda), consolidated text as amended by 2016 : 28, Bermuda Laws Online, Government of Bermudawww.bermudalaws.bm · reg. 3(1), (6), (7)Retrieved 2026-08-27Effective 2022-04-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Registered charges rank by date of registration and outrank unregistered ones; registering one costs £290 and on default the chargee may repossess and sell.Aviation Registry (Guernsey) Law, 2013 (Order in Council No. XIII of 2013), section 35 'Priority of charges and debts', published by the States of Guernsey on Guernsey Legal Resourceswww.guernseylegalresources.gg · s. 35(1)–(3), Aviation Registry (Guernsey) Law, 2013Retrieved 2026-09-08Effective 2024-08-13Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Annual registration feeNo annual registration fee; a private aircraft pays $100 per 500 kg for its 12-month airworthiness certificate, and a grounded aircraft pays an estimated $2,000 to $3,000 a year.Air Navigation (Fees for Certificates and Services) Regulations 2022, BR 36 / 2022 (Bermuda), made by the Governor under article 4(3) of the Air Navigation (Overseas Territories) Order 2013 as applied to Bermuda, operative date 1 May 2022, the BCAA's published PDFwww.bcaa.bm · Schedule, Part 2(b)Retrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2022-05-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.There is no annual registration fee; the recurring charge is the Certificate of Airworthiness renewal at £200 or £65 per 500 kg.2-REG (Guernsey Aircraft Registry), Fee schedule v10.1, 13 August 2024www.2-reg.com · Fee schedule v10.1, section 4 'Continuing Airworthiness', items 4.2.1 and 4.2.3Retrieved 2026-09-12Effective 2024-08-13Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Who may register an aircraftCommonwealth, EEA or Swiss citizens, nationals and companies may own a Bermuda aircraft; others use a Bermuda company or a demise charter.The Air Navigation (Overseas Territories) Order 2013 (S.I. 2013 No. 2870), latest available revised text, legislation.gov.uk, The National Archiveswww.legislation.gov.uk · art. 16(1)Retrieved 2026-08-29Effective 2021-07-22Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Commonwealth, EEA and EFTA nationals, and companies based there, in the British Islands, the UAE or the USA, can register directly; anyone else registers through a Guernsey resident agent or a Guernsey company.Office of the Aircraft Registrar, Bailiwick of Guernsey, Guernsey Advisory Circular GAC REG-1, 'Aircraft Registration: Eligibility and Admission Criteria', Fourth Issue, April 2026cidca.aero · GAC REG-1, para 5.3Retrieved 2026-08-29Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Registration marksBermuda marks are VP-B or VQ-B plus three letters; a chosen mark can be reserved for up to 24 months, with no separate published fee and $500 the only line a change of mark could fall under.OTAR Part 47, 'Aircraft Registration and Marking', Issue 7.00, 28 May 2025, Air Safety Support International Ltd, published on behalf of the Governor under article 5 of the AN(OT)O 2013www.airsafety.aero · OTAR 47.103Retrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Marks run 2-XXXX and are normally random; a chosen mark costs £525, or £1,250 for heavier aircraft, and reserving one is £55 per three months.Aviation Registry (Guernsey) Law, 2013 as amended, section 21, section 22A and Schedule 3, published by the States of Guernsey on Guernsey Legal Resourceswww.guernseylegalresources.gg · 'Attractive registration mark'Retrieved 2026-08-29Effective 2024-08-13Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Deregistration processThe deregistration fee itself is $500; a board resolution, mortgagee consent or a recorded IDERA and any outstanding fees are needed too, and the mortgage discharge and export certificate are charged separately.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, De-registering an Aircraftwww.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-08-29Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.De-registration costs £250 and the Registrar cannot remove an aircraft until every chargee on the Charges Register has consented.Guernsey Aviation Requirements Part 47, 'Aircraft Registration and Marking', Issue 4, November 2025, published by the Director of Civil Aviation, Guernseycidca.aero · GAR 47.63(b)-(c)Retrieved 2026-08-29Effective 2024-08-13Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Register sizeThe BCAA's own chart shows about 450 aircraft at 31 March 2024, down from a peak near 890 in 2019; the current register is estimated at roughly 400.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority Annual Report 2023/2024, 'Our Registered Aircraft' chart at page 7, the BCAA's own published copywww.bcaa.bm · p. 7, 'Our Registered Aircraft' chart, fiscal years 2015 to 2024Retrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2024-03-31Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.271 aircraft are on the Guernsey register, on our count of the list it publishes each month.Guernsey Aircraft Registry (2-REG), 'Aircraft register, Bailiwick of Guernsey', status 01 September 2026, version 1www.2-reg.com · main register table, pages 1-7 of the 1 September 2026 list, counted 12 September 2026Retrieved 2026-09-12Effective 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Pilot license validationForeign ICAO licenses fly Bermuda aircraft under a BCAA Certificate of Validation, issued since 1 June 2025 for up to 2 years and capped by the underlying license, medical and proficiency checks.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Flight Crew Licensing (FCL) Certificate of Validationwww.bcaa.bm · Note 1Retrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2025-06-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.A foreign pilot license acceptable to the Director of Civil Aviation is validated for one year at £180, or £50 for Channel Islands residents.2-REG (Guernsey Aircraft Registry), Licenceswww.2-reg.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2024-08-13Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Red Ensign Group membershipBermuda is in the Red Ensign Group through its shipping register (Category 1); the Group covers shipping registers only, so the aircraft register is outside it.Red Ensign Group, 'Who we are' (About the Red Ensign Group), redensigngroup.orgwww.redensigngroup.org · Who we are, opening line and Category 1Retrieved 2026-09-09Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Guernsey is in the Red Ensign Group through its shipping register (Category 2); the Group covers shipping registers only, so the aircraft register is outside it.Red Ensign Group, 'Who we are' (About the Red Ensign Group), redensigngroup.orgwww.redensigngroup.org · Who we are, opening line and Category 2Retrieved 2026-09-09Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Aircraft management
Management fee modelManagers typically charge a fixed monthly retainer scaled to cabin size, from low four figures a month for a light jet to roughly US$10,000 to 12,000 for a large cabin, with charter revenue usually split 85/15 in the owner's favor.Business Jet Traveler - Jeff Wieand, What You Need to Know About Aircraft Management Agreements (September 2022)www.bjtonline.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2022-09-06Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Managers typically charge a fixed monthly retainer scaled to cabin size, from low four figures a month for a light jet to roughly US$10,000 to 12,000 for a large cabin, with charter revenue usually split 85/15 in the owner's favor.Business Jet Traveler - Jeff Wieand, What You Need to Know About Aircraft Management Agreements (September 2022)www.bjtonline.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2022-09-06Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Management scopeThe monthly retainer typically covers dispatch, flight planning, crew oversight, compliance and the safety program, while fuel, insurance, hangarage, crew pay, handling and maintenance normally pass through at cost with no mark-up.Business Jet Traveler - Jeff Wieand, What You Need to Know About Aircraft Management Agreements (September 2022)www.bjtonline.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2022-09-06Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.The monthly retainer typically covers dispatch, flight planning, crew oversight, compliance and the safety program, while fuel, insurance, hangarage, crew pay, handling and maintenance normally pass through at cost with no mark-up.Business Jet Traveler - Jeff Wieand, What You Need to Know About Aircraft Management Agreements (September 2022)www.bjtonline.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2022-09-06Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Crew employmentUnder a management mandate the manager normally hires, trains, employs and pays the crew and bills those costs through at cost, with accrued leave and severance usually falling to the owner when the mandate ends.Business Jet Traveler - Jeff Wieand, What You Need to Know About Aircraft Management Agreements (September 2022)www.bjtonline.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2022-09-06Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Under a management mandate the manager normally hires, trains, employs and pays the crew and bills those costs through at cost, with accrued leave and severance usually falling to the owner when the mandate ends.Business Jet Traveler - Jeff Wieand, What You Need to Know About Aircraft Management Agreements (September 2022)www.bjtonline.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2022-09-06Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Ownership structuring
Owning company minimum capitalNo statutory minimum share capital applies; the company states its own capital in its memorandum and cannot trade until that stated amount is subscribed.Companies Act 1981 (1981 : 59), consolidated text as amended (carrying amendment annotations to BR 100 / 2025), Bermuda Laws Online, Government of Bermudawww.bermudalaws.bm · s. 64(1)Retrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Guernsey companies have no minimum share capital, but only a corporate services provider with a full fiduciary license may apply to incorporate one.Companies (Guernsey) Law, 2008, sections 15, 17, 278, 279 and 281, published by the States of Guernsey on Guernsey Legal Resourceswww.guernseylegalresources.gg · s. 17(9)Retrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Beneficial ownership disclosureSince 3 November 2025 the Beneficial Ownership Act 2025 governs: a 25% or more ownership or control test, filing with the Registrar of Companies, and a central register closed to the public but open to listed authorities and anti money laundering (AML) firms.Beneficial Ownership Act 2025 (2025 : 16), consolidated text as amended by 2025 : 32, Bermuda Laws Online, Government of Bermudawww.bermudalaws.bm · s. 6(1)Retrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2025-11-03Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Beneficial owners holding more than 25 percent (exactly 25 percent does not count) are filed to a private register held by the Registrar, with changes due within 14 days.Guernsey Registry, 'Guidance on the meaning of beneficial owner', statutory guidance issued under section 35 of the Beneficial Ownership of Legal Persons (Guernsey) Law, 2017www.guernseyregistry.com · Registrar's guidance on Regulation 3Retrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2017-08-15Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
CAMO & airworthiness
Airworthiness reviewThe Certificate of Airworthiness runs 12 months; the CAMO recommends renewal on Form AW-201(r) in the 90 days before expiry and a BCAA Airworthiness Inspector inspects the aircraft.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Certificate of Airworthinesswww.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.The Certificate of Airworthiness lasts one year and each renewal is an inspection by a registry-appointed Airworthiness Inspector who recommends renewal to the Director.Office of the Director of Civil Aviation, Guernsey, Guernsey Advisory Circular GAC AIR-10, 'Certificate of Airworthiness', First Issue, July 2024cidca.aero · GAC AIR-10, paras 7.1 and 8.1Retrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2024-08-13Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Maintenance program approvalThe BCAA approves the maintenance program under OTAR Part 39 Subpart C on Forms AW-285 and AW-287, at no charge, with a published 10 business day service standard.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Certificate of Airworthiness (Maintenance Programme)www.bcaa.bmRetrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.The registry approves the maintenance program within the Certificate of Airworthiness process, and publishes no separate fee or amendment procedure for it.2-REG (Guernsey Aircraft Registry), Initial airworthinesswww.2-reg.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
CAMO fee modelNo CAMO publishes a business jet tariff: the norm is an annual retained fee per aircraft, usually bundled into a management or technical services mandate, with the airworthiness review certificate billed separately.Element Aviation - Aircraft Management Costs (provider-published cost breakdown, 4 December 2025)element-aviation.com · Aircraft Management Cost Breakdown tableRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2025-12-04Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.No CAMO publishes a business jet tariff: the norm is an annual retained fee per aircraft, usually bundled into a management or technical services mandate, with the airworthiness review certificate billed separately.Element Aviation - Aircraft Management Costs (provider-published cost breakdown, 4 December 2025)element-aviation.com · Aircraft Management Cost Breakdown tableRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2025-12-04Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Maintenance (MRO)
Accepted maintenance organizationsMaintenance organizations need OTAR Part 145 approval, with EASA and, since the 2021 Brexit notice, UK CAA organization approvals accepted; a Bermuda approval costs $3,000 and a one-time approval $1,000.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, Airworthiness Notice AWN-01-21, 'BREXIT Impacts', Issue 01, 11 February 2021www.bcaa.bm · §3.5Retrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.2-REG validates maintenance organization approvals from the UK CAA, EASA, an EASA Member State, the FAA or Transport Canada at £195 per validation.2-REG (Guernsey Aircraft Registry), Continuing airworthinesswww.2-reg.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2024-08-13Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Engine program normsEngine programs charge a rate per engine per flight hour, with a buy-in for engines already in service, and nobody publishes an hourly rate because every program is quoted per aircraft.AvBuyer - Gerrard Cowan, Paying for Power: Understanding Costs in Engine Maintenance Programs (14 August 2025)www.avbuyer.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2025-08-14Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Engine programs charge a rate per engine per flight hour, with a buy-in for engines already in service, and nobody publishes an hourly rate because every program is quoted per aircraft.AvBuyer - Gerrard Cowan, Paying for Power: Understanding Costs in Engine Maintenance Programs (14 August 2025)www.avbuyer.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2025-08-14Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Aviation insurance
Insurance requirementsBermuda itself sets no insurance minimum for private operations; cover is driven by destination rules such as EU Regulation 785/2004 and by financiers, with insurance evidence required only at the Bermuda AOC.Bermuda Civil Aviation Authority, How to Register, read with the BCAA Checklist for Registering Private Aircraft (Form 105 Issue 5) and the Overseas Territories Aviation Requirementswww.bcaa.bm · How to Register, items required prior to the issue of a Certificate of RegistrationRetrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.The register sets no published insurance minimum, an estimate because the 2012 Law's amendments and subordinate legislation are not reflected here; the cover a 2-REG aircraft must carry is set by where it flies, for example EU Regulation 785/2004.Office of the Director of Civil Aviation, Guernsey, Guernsey Aviation Requirements (GARs) index, with GAR 47 and GAR 91/125 full texts, and the Air Navigation (Bailiwick of Guernsey) Law, 2012 as enacted, published by the States of Guernsey in Billet d'État XXV of 2012cidca.aero · Guernsey Aviation Requirements (GARs) list, GAR-1 to GAR-191Retrieved 2026-09-01Open sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.
Typical insurance coverHull cover is quoted per US$100 of agreed value; the one published trade-press example prices a midsize jet at 0.13 to 0.21 percent of value, a dated floor rather than a current rate (estimate: current rates sit above it), while corporate liability limits commonly run US$100 million to US$300 million.Business Jet Traveler - Stuart Hope, A Guide to Aviation Insurancebjtonline.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2014-07-08Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.Hull cover is quoted per US$100 of agreed value; the one published trade-press example prices a midsize jet at 0.13 to 0.21 percent of value, a dated floor rather than a current rate (estimate: current rates sit above it), while corporate liability limits commonly run US$100 million to US$300 million.Business Jet Traveler - Stuart Hope, A Guide to Aviation Insurancebjtonline.comRetrieved 2026-09-01Effective 2014-07-08Corroborating source, not the register's own publicationOpen sourceInformational only, not legal, tax or financial advice. Contact a qualified professional for current information.

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